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color.md (5595B)
1 ```eval_rst 2 .. include:: /header.rst 3 :github_url: |github_link_base|/overview/color.md 4 ``` 5 # Colors 6 7 The color module handles all color-related functions like changing color depth, creating colors from hex code, converting between color depths, mixing colors, etc. 8 9 The type `lv_color_t` is used to store a color. Its fields are set according to `LV_COLOR_DEPTH` in `lv_conf.h`. (See below) 10 11 You may set `LV_COLOR_16_SWAP` in `lv_conf.h` to swap bytes of *RGB565* colors. You may need this when sending 16-bit colors via a byte-oriented interface like SPI. As 16-bit numbers are stored in little-endian format (lower byte at the lower address), the interface will send the lower byte first. However, displays usually need the higher byte first. A mismatch in the byte order will result in highly distorted colors. 12 13 ## Creating colors 14 15 ### RGB 16 Create colors from Red, Green and Blue channel values: 17 ```c 18 //All channels are 0-255 19 lv_color_t c = lv_color_make(red, green, blue); 20 21 //From hex code 0x000000..0xFFFFFF interpreted as RED + GREEN + BLUE 22 lv_color_t c = lv_color_hex(0x123456); 23 24 //From 3 digits. Same as lv_color_hex(0x112233) 25 lv_color_t c = lv_color_hex3(0x123); 26 ``` 27 28 ### HSV 29 Create colors from Hue, Saturation and Value values: 30 31 ```c 32 //h = 0..359, s = 0..100, v = 0..100 33 lv_color_t c = lv_color_hsv_to_rgb(h, s, v); 34 35 //All channels are 0-255 36 lv_color_hsv_t c_hsv = lv_color_rgb_to_hsv(r, g, b); 37 38 39 //From lv_color_t variable 40 lv_color_hsv_t c_hsv = lv_color_to_hsv(color); 41 ``` 42 43 ### Palette 44 LVGL includes [Material Design's palette](https://vuetifyjs.com/en/styles/colors/#material-colors) of colors. In this system all named colors have a nominal main color as well as four darker and five lighter variants. 45 46 The names of the colors are as follows: 47 - `LV_PALETTE_RED` 48 - `LV_PALETTE_PINK` 49 - `LV_PALETTE_PURPLE` 50 - `LV_PALETTE_DEEP_PURPLE` 51 - `LV_PALETTE_INDIGO` 52 - `LV_PALETTE_BLUE` 53 - `LV_PALETTE_LIGHT_BLUE` 54 - `LV_PALETTE_CYAN` 55 - `LV_PALETTE_TEAL` 56 - `LV_PALETTE_GREEN` 57 - `LV_PALETTE_LIGHT_GREEN` 58 - `LV_PALETTE_LIME` 59 - `LV_PALETTE_YELLOW` 60 - `LV_PALETTE_AMBER` 61 - `LV_PALETTE_ORANGE` 62 - `LV_PALETTE_DEEP_ORANGE` 63 - `LV_PALETTE_BROWN` 64 - `LV_PALETTE_BLUE_GREY` 65 - `LV_PALETTE_GREY` 66 67 68 To get the main color use `lv_color_t c = lv_palette_main(LV_PALETTE_...)`. 69 70 For the lighter variants of a palette color use `lv_color_t c = lv_palette_lighten(LV_PALETTE_..., v)`. `v` can be 1..5. 71 For the darker variants of a palette color use `lv_color_t c = lv_palette_darken(LV_PALETTE_..., v)`. `v` can be 1..4. 72 73 ### Modify and mix colors 74 The following functions can modify a color: 75 ```c 76 // Lighten a color. 0: no change, 255: white 77 lv_color_t c = lv_color_lighten(c, lvl); 78 79 // Darken a color. 0: no change, 255: black 80 lv_color_t c = lv_color_darken(lv_color_t c, lv_opa_t lvl); 81 82 // Lighten or darken a color. 0: black, 128: no change 255: white 83 lv_color_t c = lv_color_change_lightness(lv_color_t c, lv_opa_t lvl); 84 85 86 // Mix two colors with a given ratio 0: full c2, 255: full c1, 128: half c1 and half c2 87 lv_color_t c = lv_color_mix(c1, c2, ratio); 88 ``` 89 90 ### Built-in colors 91 `lv_color_white()` and `lv_color_black()` return `0xFFFFFF` and `0x000000` respectively. 92 93 ## Opacity 94 To describe opacity the `lv_opa_t` type is created from `uint8_t`. Some special purpose defines are also introduced: 95 96 - `LV_OPA_TRANSP` Value: 0, means no opacity making the color completely transparent 97 - `LV_OPA_10` Value: 25, means the color covers only a little 98 - `LV_OPA_20 ... OPA_80` follow logically 99 - `LV_OPA_90` Value: 229, means the color near completely covers 100 - `LV_OPA_COVER` Value: 255, means the color completely covers (full opacity) 101 102 You can also use the `LV_OPA_*` defines in `lv_color_mix()` as a mixing *ratio*. 103 104 105 ## Color types 106 The following variable types are defined by the color module: 107 108 - `lv_color1_t` Monochrome color. Also has R, G, B fields for compatibility but they are always the same value (1 byte) 109 - `lv_color8_t` A structure to store R (3 bit),G (3 bit),B (2 bit) components for 8-bit colors (1 byte) 110 - `lv_color16_t` A structure to store R (5 bit),G (6 bit),B (5 bit) components for 16-bit colors (2 byte) 111 - `lv_color32_t` A structure to store R (8 bit),G (8 bit), B (8 bit) components for 24-bit colors (4 byte) 112 - `lv_color_t` Equal to `lv_color1/8/16/24_t` depending on the configured color depth setting 113 - `lv_color_int_t` `uint8_t`, `uint16_t` or `uint32_t` depending on the color depth setting. Used to build color arrays from plain numbers. 114 - `lv_opa_t` A simple `uint8_t` type to describe opacity. 115 116 The `lv_color_t`, `lv_color1_t`, `lv_color8_t`, `lv_color16_t` and `lv_color32_t` types have four fields: 117 118 - `ch.red` red channel 119 - `ch.green` green channel 120 - `ch.blue` blue channel 121 - `full*` red + green + blue as one number 122 123 You can set the current color depth in *lv_conf.h*, by setting the `LV_COLOR_DEPTH` define to 1 (monochrome), 8, 16 or 32. 124 125 126 ### Convert color 127 You can convert a color from the current color depth to another. The converter functions return with a number, so you have to use the `full` field to map a converted color back into a structure: 128 129 ```c 130 lv_color_t c; 131 c.red = 0x38; 132 c.green = 0x70; 133 c.blue = 0xCC; 134 135 lv_color1_t c1; 136 c1.full = lv_color_to1(c); /*Return 1 for light colors, 0 for dark colors*/ 137 138 lv_color8_t c8; 139 c8.full = lv_color_to8(c); /*Give a 8 bit number with the converted color*/ 140 141 lv_color16_t c16; 142 c16.full = lv_color_to16(c); /*Give a 16 bit number with the converted color*/ 143 144 lv_color32_t c24; 145 c32.full = lv_color_to32(c); /*Give a 32 bit number with the converted color*/ 146 ``` 147 148 149 ## API 150 151 152 ```eval_rst 153 154 .. doxygenfile:: lv_color.h 155 :project: lvgl 156 157 ```